When the skin itches and peels. Why does eczema occur, what is it like and can it be completely cured?
Doctors say that the number of patients with this skin disease has significantly increased in recent years.
Eczema manifests itself as a rash on various parts of the body, which is accompanied by unbearable itching. At what age and for what reasons does eczema usually develop?
– Why does this disease develop?
– There are many possible reasons. Eczema occurs as a result of skin contact with chemicals, as the body’s reaction to body care products, cosmetics, and medications. It often develops in patients with endocrine diseases, varicose veins, food allergies. And also — in people with a genetic predisposition to this disease (when one of the close relatives had psoriasis, parapsoriasis, etc.). Injuries, microtraumas, bites or skin burns should be added to the factors that can provoke the disease. But the trigger mechanism that leads to the development of the disease is very often nervous exhaustion, severe or chronic stress.
– How does the disease manifest itself?
— A rash appears on the skin, accompanied by hyperthermia, swelling and intense itching. Lesions have indistinct borders, rapidly increase in size, while ulcers and wetting erosions may develop. And later this area is covered with scales and a crust. Depending on the type, eczema can affect different parts of the body. For example, the so-called idiopathic (classic) eczema develops on the skin of the shoulders, forearms and lower legs. The intertriginous form of eczema affects the inguinal folds, the area behind the ears and under the mammary glands in women, and the seborrheic form affects the scalp. Nummular eczema manifests itself mainly in the cold season after a cold and against the background of a decrease in the work of the immune system, the rash appears on the flexural surfaces of the limbs, sometimes on the trunk. While mycotic eczema develops on the legs and hands, and the concomitant factor of the disease is a fungus. Therefore, patients with suspected eczema are first tested specifically for the detection of fungus.
– How is eczema treated?
Such a disease requires complex therapy using not only special ointments and creams with corticosteroids and antibiotics, but also antiallergenic and sedative drugs, preparations with vitamins and microelements. In each specific case, the treatment is individual. Some patients are helped by an additional intake of antidepressants. Someone needs to conduct allergy tests or pass other tests. For example, in my practice there was a patient who was treated for eczema in the inpatient department. His condition improved only after the doctors conducted an analysis for worm infestations and, having discovered roundworms and giardia, prescribed anthelmintic drugs.
In general, thanks to the right treatment, eczema recedes, and remission can last for years. But this disease is chronic and relapsing, so it can return at any time under the influence of various factors.
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